Florida Broker Practice Exam

Which of the following is NOT a type of involuntary alienation?

1. Adverse possession

2. Escheat

3. Mortgage

4. Descent

The correct answer is: Mortgage

Involuntary alienation refers to the transfer of property ownership that occurs without the owner's consent. This can happen through legal processes or situations where the owner cannot or does not wish to retain ownership of the property. Adverse possession, escheat, and descent are all mechanisms that involve the transfer of property without the owner's desire or consent. Adverse possession allows a person to claim ownership of land under certain conditions, despite not holding the title to it. This typically involves occupying the land openly and continuously for a specified period, which leads to the original owner's rights being diminished. Escheat occurs when a property reverts to the state because the owner has died without a will and no heirs are available to inherit the property. This process effectively transfers ownership from the deceased individual to the state. Descent refers to the automatic transfer of property ownership to heirs upon the death of the owner, typically under intestate succession laws when there is no will. This process also happens without the owner's consent. In contrast, a mortgage is a voluntary agreement where the property owner secures a loan by placing a lien on the property. The owner willingly gives the lender rights to the property as collateral for the debt, which makes it a completely different scenario than invol